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Analyse de marché / avril 2025

Analyse du marché de l'acier · avril 2025

The world is changing. Are you ready to change with it?

Section 232 tariffs land April 2 and reshape every steel buying decision in North America. Expect higher US HRC, a weaker Loonie, and disrupted supply into Q3 and Q4. Why tariffs are not temporary, and what the US is really trying to accomplish with them.

Photo de Matthew Barazin

Matthew Barazin

Managing Director, Intermetalink · 2 avril 2025 · 6 min de lecture

Supply

Steel Distributors and PVF wholesalers say that there is still a lot of supply in their respective markets. Conversely, we have seen an increase in ordering throughout the month of March for an August delivery date. I think the smart distributor should be communicating to end users to lock in steel pricing at current prices out of their stock. New prices will be higher due to increased replacement costs.

We think we will see some supply disruptions into Q3/Q4. Especially if shipping lines call into less ports because of the proposed US port fee for all Chinese made container vessels. Also keep an eye on Chinese steel output, plant closures and HRC prices in the coming months. I believe Asian HRC starts moving up quickly as a strategic counter measure to US steel tariffs.

This would force US HRC mills to increase, causing a tough situation for the US economy trying to re-tool its manufacturing sector and weather out what is seemingly an incoming recession due to US stock market performance this past month.

What would happen to your business if you lost 70% of your sales overnight?

Demand

This month’s sales were largely driven by incoming tariffs. We saw a lot of activity in US import sales. Which are serviced by our partner mills who have a stable and robust position with US Customs. As they have been paying a 25% tariff since 2018. We don’t expect additional or reciprocal tariffs on these countries, which has given our customer base the confidence to book aggressively.

The Eastern Canadian real estate and construction markets are a shadow of their former selves if we look back at the last 6 years, however jobs are being bid on and won, just a bit more fighting to win.

In reference to Canada, we have strong bookings year to date across our business categories wholistically. We continue to purchase steel monthly as we continue to be bullish on hard assets for the rest of the year, especially steel!

Elections in Canada whether a conservative or liberal government win both are pledging to support industry impacted by US tariffs. I expect the Canadian movement towards economic independence will involve infrastructure spending.

Whether that is pipelines, refineries, re-tolling our steel and automative sector, all this will require steel.

Policy

US tariffs are set to come into play on April 02. Where section 232 tariffs (25%) will apply to all countries selling steel to the US. If tariffs on the auto and energy industry at put in as well, Canada is going to be hit very hard in the short

term. As stated before, I expect this to have an impact on USDCAD, reaching 1.55 within the quarter. This will be devastating to the consumer; however, it will allow the Canadian steel industry to export to the US, even with a 25% tariff. Rio Tinto expects to continue business as usual into the US, I don’t see how carbon mills don’t expect the same.

We cannot rule out Ottawa implementing some kind of protectionist measure to help the Canadian steel mills, this will strain supply and increase prices. Potential Canadian duties and or tariffs on steel coupled with a weakened Loonie signal much higher costs for steel up north.

Taiwan, Vietnam, South Korea, India have all placed 30% tariffs on Chinese HRC, whether politically driven or for real economic reasons this will continue to close path ways for Chinese steel, limiting supply and putting pressure on melt and pour mills in those countries listed.

Raw Material

- WTI Crude falls since February. (Expect CAD to weaken)

- Iron Ore moves upward.

- Scrap prices continue to rise.

- NA HRC prices are flat, Black Sea and Asian HRC tick up slightly.

- Ocean Freight unchanged (for the moment).

- Nickel in historic highs, expect a downturn and potential lower stainless prices if there are no tariffs keeping prices high).

- USDCAD remains 1.44, when tariffs are announced and stick, expect a run to 1.51 within a week.

Réflexions finales

It’s really been a pleasure to write these reports in the last few months. Sharing my ideas and insights with my professional network has been really rewarding.

Friends from university, old jobs, sports teams and family have reached out to talk about steel, imports and politics!

It’s been an honor and humbling to be asked questions like “why is the US doing this to us” or “are the tariffs bad for you guys”? The answers I will try to summarize here on my final thoughts of March 2025 with a small story about steel trading and our recent global economic history. Plus a few pictures of commodities, we have imported over the past 12 years across North America just purely for nostalgia but also to get my blood pressure back up to unhealthy levels. (that was a joke…)

Steel imports and other physical commodity traders have typically quietly gone about their business for decades. Building deep relationships with their customers who supply large areas with the commodities needed to build our bridges, hospitals, houses and roads.

Things didn’t change much for a long time; prices and supply were quite stable. The price of steel would go up or down by 2-5% (excluding 12-year super cycles, that are aligned with bull markets and low interest rates). Think just before the dotcom crash, 2008 and more recently before 2020). Customers knew how many tons they needed and could order on the back of a napkin (which many did!).

Then the world changed with COVID. The stock market began to crash. No one could go to work, toilet paper and the supply of everything would shrink to zero, panic set in.

Then the US Federal reserve started creating more money than ever, not only bringing the stock market and the economy back to life but maybe giving it a little much juice to the system (inflation). The stock market bounced back to life, giving incredible returns till the end of 2024.

But while we were on the juice, a few people and selling nations became increasingly wealthy (China). The US probably realized how dependent they were on rare earth metals, semiconductors and steel from other countries as all those items experienced severe supply shortages during Covid, when the imports stopped flowing in.

We escaped a recession in 2020, I don’t think we can this time around, I think the economists and smartest people in the world (who advise the White House) think the same way.

Tariffs are going to hurt Canadians, Mexicans and Americans in the short term, but it will hurt the US the least ultimately. What would happen to your business if you lost 70% of your sales overnight?

I do not know how Canada operates in the future in this new world, however what I do know is the US’ application of tariffs is set to accomplish three very important goals.

Firstly, it is to help mitigate the deficit by creating more revenue for the Federal government. Secondly it is to create economic uncertainty which would lead to a recession allowing for lower interest rates (The US needs to refinance $9T of debt that is coming due this year). And thirdly, in my view most importantly this is the 11th hour and the last

chance for the US to use its current position to re-write international trade and to hold onto being the global economic hegemon.

Tariffs are not temporary. Both liberal and conversative governments around the world today and tomorrow will have to get familiar with them, as will every business decision maker and product vendor. The team at Intermetalink has been sailing in these waters for a long time and are confident to come out of the other side of this storm together.

Références

Here are a few websites I have been looking at recently:

- Trading Economics: global commodity, currency, and macro data [tradingeconomics.com]

- US Treasury fiscal data: current US national deficit [fiscaldata.treasury.gov]

- CBO: Congressional Budget Office long-term budget outlook [cbo.gov]

- Recession Dashboard: tracking US recession probability [recessiondashboard.com]

- AlphaBetaSoup: YouTube channel on macroeconomics [youtube.com/@AlphaBetaSoup]

If you made it this far and are wondering where the pictures are…I will be posting them on a separate Linkedin post!

Stay tuned for that, some really funky stuff!

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